diff --git a/lib/pleroma/workers/reachability_worker.ex b/lib/pleroma/workers/reachability_worker.ex
index ba6928dee..badfa476c 100644
--- a/lib/pleroma/workers/reachability_worker.ex
+++ b/lib/pleroma/workers/reachability_worker.ex
@@ -24,6 +24,22 @@ defmodule Pleroma.Workers.ReachabilityWorker do
     end
   end
 
+  # New jobs enter here and are immediately re-scheduled for the first phase
+  @impl true
+  def perform(%Oban.Job{args: %{"domain" => domain}}) do
+    scheduled_at = DateTime.add(DateTime.utc_now(), 60, :second)
+
+    %{
+      "domain" => domain,
+      "phase" => "phase_1min",
+      "attempt" => 1
+    }
+    |> new(scheduled_at: scheduled_at, replace: true)
+    |> Oban.insert()
+
+    :ok
+  end
+
   @impl true
   def timeout(_job), do: :timer.seconds(5)
 
diff --git a/test/pleroma/workers/reachability_worker_test.exs b/test/pleroma/workers/reachability_worker_test.exs
index 32c39e869..4854aff77 100644
--- a/test/pleroma/workers/reachability_worker_test.exs
+++ b/test/pleroma/workers/reachability_worker_test.exs
@@ -191,6 +191,30 @@ defmodule Pleroma.Workers.ReachabilityWorkerTest do
       assert existing_job.args["domain"] == domain
       assert existing_job.args["phase"] == "phase_1min"
     end
+
+    test "handles new jobs with only domain argument and transitions them to the first phase" do
+      domain = "legacy.example.com"
+
+      with_mocks([
+        {Pleroma.Instances, [], [set_reachable: fn _ -> :ok end]}
+      ]) do
+        # Create a job with only domain (legacy format)
+        job = %Oban.Job{
+          args: %{"domain" => domain}
+        }
+
+        # Should reschedule with phase_1min and attempt 1
+        assert :ok = ReachabilityWorker.perform(job)
+
+        # Check that a new job was scheduled with the correct format
+        scheduled_jobs = all_enqueued(worker: ReachabilityWorker)
+        assert length(scheduled_jobs) == 1
+        [scheduled_job] = scheduled_jobs
+        assert scheduled_job.args["domain"] == domain
+        assert scheduled_job.args["phase"] == "phase_1min"
+        assert scheduled_job.args["attempt"] == 1
+      end
+    end
   end
 
   defp get_phase_config("phase_1min"), do: {1, 4, "phase_15min"}